// exception.cc 
//	Entry point into the Nachos kernel from user programs.
//	There are two kinds of things that can cause control to
//	transfer back to here from user code:
//
//	syscall -- The user code explicitly requests to call a procedure
//	in the Nachos kernel.  Right now, the only function we support is
//	"Halt".
//
//	exceptions -- The user code does something that the CPU can't handle.
//	For instance, accessing memory that doesn't exist, arithmetic errors,
//	etc.  
//
//	Interrupts (which can also cause control to transfer from user
//	code into the Nachos kernel) are handled elsewhere.
//
// For now, this only handles the Halt() system call.
// Everything else core dumps.
//
// Copyright (c) 1992-1996 The Regents of the University of California.
// All rights reserved.  See copyright.h for copyright notice and limitation 
// of liability and disclaimer of warranty provisions.

#include "copyright.h"
#include "main.h"
#include "syscall.h"
#include "ksyscall.h"
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// ExceptionHandler
// 	Entry point into the Nachos kernel.  Called when a user program
//	is executing, and either does a syscall, or generates an addressing
//	or arithmetic exception.
//
// 	For system calls, the following is the calling convention:
//
// 	system call code -- r2
//		arg1 -- r4
//		arg2 -- r5
//		arg3 -- r6
//		arg4 -- r7
//
//	The result of the system call, if any, must be put back into r2. 
//
// If you are handling a system call, don't forget to increment the pc
// before returning. (Or else you'll loop making the same system call forever!)
//
//	"which" is the kind of exception.  The list of possible exceptions 
//	is in machine.h.
//----------------------------------------------------------------------

void
ExceptionHandler(ExceptionType which)
{
	int type = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(2);
	int val;
	int status, exit, threadID, programID;
	int fd, size;
	DEBUG(dbgSys, "Received Exception " << which << " type: " << type << "\n");
	switch (which) {
	case SyscallException:
		switch (type) {
		case SC_Halt:
			DEBUG(dbgSys, "Shutdown, initiated by user program.\n");
			SysHalt();
			cout << "in exception\n";
			ASSERTNOTREACHED();
			break;
		case SC_MSG:
			DEBUG(dbgSys, "Message received.\n");
			val = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(4);
			{
				char* msg = &(kernel->machine->mainMemory[val]);
				cout << msg << endl;
			}
			SysHalt();
			ASSERTNOTREACHED();
			break;
		case SC_PrintInt:
			val = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(4);
			SysPrintInt(val);
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PrevPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg));
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(NextPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			return;
		case SC_Create:
			val = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(4);
			{
				char* filename = &(kernel->machine->mainMemory[val]);
				//cout << filename << endl;
				status = SysCreate(filename);
				kernel->machine->WriteRegister(2, (int)status);
			}
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PrevPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg));
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(NextPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			return;
			ASSERTNOTREACHED();
			break;
		case SC_Open:
			val = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(4);
			{
				char* filename = &(kernel->machine->mainMemory[val]);
				//cout << filename << endl;
				fd = SysOpen(filename);
				kernel->machine->WriteRegister(2, (int)fd);
			}
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PrevPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg));
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(NextPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			return;
			ASSERTNOTREACHED();
			break;
		case SC_Write:
			val = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(4);
			size = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(5);
			fd = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(6);
			{
				char* buffer = &(kernel->machine->mainMemory[val]);
				size = SysWrite(buffer, size, fd);
				kernel->machine->WriteRegister(2, (int)size);
			}
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PrevPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg));
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(NextPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			return;
			ASSERTNOTREACHED();
			break;
		case SC_Close:
			fd = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(4);
			{
				val = SysClose(fd);
				kernel->machine->WriteRegister(2, (int)val);
			}
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PrevPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg));
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(NextPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			return;
			ASSERTNOTREACHED();
			break;
		case SC_Read:
			val = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(4);
			size = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(5);
			fd = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(6);
			{
				char* buffer = &(kernel->machine->mainMemory[val]);
				size = SysRead(buffer, size, fd);
				kernel->machine->WriteRegister(2, (int)size);
			}
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PrevPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg));
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(NextPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			return;
			ASSERTNOTREACHED();
			break;
		case SC_Add:
			DEBUG(dbgSys, "Add " << kernel->machine->ReadRegister(4) << " + " << kernel->machine->ReadRegister(5) << "\n");
			/* Process SysAdd Systemcall*/
			int result;
			result = SysAdd(/* int op1 */(int)kernel->machine->ReadRegister(4),
				/* int op2 */(int)kernel->machine->ReadRegister(5));
			DEBUG(dbgSys, "Add returning with " << result << "\n");
			/* Prepare Result */
			kernel->machine->WriteRegister(2, (int)result);
			/* Modify return point */
			{
				/* set previous programm counter (debugging only)*/
				kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PrevPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg));

				/* set programm counter to next instruction (all Instructions are 4 byte wide)*/
				kernel->machine->WriteRegister(PCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);

				/* set next programm counter for brach execution */
				kernel->machine->WriteRegister(NextPCReg, kernel->machine->ReadRegister(PCReg) + 4);
			}
			cout << "result is " << result << "\n";
			return;
			ASSERTNOTREACHED();
			break;
		case SC_Exit:
			DEBUG(dbgAddr, "Program exit\n");
			val = kernel->machine->ReadRegister(4);
			cout << "return value:" << val << endl;
			kernel->currentThread->Finish();
			break;
		default:
			cerr << "Unexpected system call " << type << "\n";
			break;
		}
		break;
	default:
		cerr << "Unexpected user mode exception " << (int)which << "\n";
		break;
	}
	ASSERTNOTREACHED();
}